A bunion is a foot deformity that develops when the big toe gradually leans toward the smaller toes. As the toe shifts, the joint at its base begins to stick outward, creating a noticeable bump. Bunions do not always cause symptoms, but they can become painful as the foot changes. Discomfort may develop around the big-toe joint, beneath the ball of the foot, or in nearby toes. The joint can also become red, swollen, and harder to move. Bunions may also place pressure on nearby toes and contribute to changes in their position.
Several factors may increase the likelihood of developing bunions. Genetics can play a role because some people may inherit weaker tendons and ligaments that affect foot stability. Flat feet and certain joint diseases may also increase the risk. Tight or pointed shoes are not considered the main cause of bunions, but they can increase pressure on the toes and make symptoms worse. As the deformity progresses, the front of the foot may become wider. Some people eventually experience increasing pain or difficulty walking, while others continue to have only mild symptoms.
A podiatrist can evaluate a bunion and determine how much the position of the big toe has changed. The examination may include observing the foot while standing and walking. A weight-bearing X-ray can provide a clearer view of the deformity and show the position of the bones. Treatment depends on symptoms, the degree of deformity, and other medical conditions. Professional nonsurgical care may help reduce discomfort, but it does not permanently correct the misalignment. When a bunion causes severe pain and other treatment has not helped, surgery may be considered to correct the position of the toe. If a bunion is causing persistent foot pain or difficulty walking, it is suggested that you consult a podiatrist for an evaluation and appropriate treatment options.
If you are suffering from bunion pain, contact Dr. Anna Petrov of Family Foot & Ankle Care. Our doctor can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.
What Is a Bunion?
Bunions are painful bony bumps that usually develop on the inside of the foot at the joint of the big toe. As the deformity increases over time, it may become painful to walk and wear shoes. Women are more likely to exacerbate existing bunions since they often wear tight, narrow shoes that shift their toes together. Bunion pain can be relieved by wearing wider shoes with enough room for the toes.
Causes
- Genetics – some people inherit feet that are more prone to bunion development
- Inflammatory Conditions - rheumatoid arthritis and polio may cause bunion development
Symptoms
- Redness and inflammation
- Pain and tenderness
- Callus or corns on the bump
- Restricted motion in the big toe
In order to diagnose your bunion, your podiatrist may ask about your medical history, symptoms, and general health. Your doctor might also order an x-ray to take a closer look at your feet. Nonsurgical treatment options include orthotics, padding, icing, changes in footwear, and medication. If nonsurgical treatments don’t alleviate your bunion pain, surgery may be necessary.
If you have any questions, please feel free to contact one of our offices located in Wheeling and Chicago, IL . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.
